CFOP
Cross, F2L, OLL, PLL: the method most speedcubers use.
CFOP (also called the Fridrich method) solves the cube layer by layer, with algorithms for the last layer. It is the most documented method and the method most world-class solvers use: about 55 moves at speed, with lots of algorithms but simple, fast recognition.
- •Cross: four bottom edges, planned during inspection (about 7-8 moves).
- •F2L: four corner-edge pairs into their slots (about 7 moves each).
- •OLL: orient the last layer (57 algorithms; 10 for 2-look).
- •PLL: permute the last layer (21 algorithms; 6 for 2-look).
After the cross and F2L, only the last layer is left.
R U R' U R U2 R' U R U R' U' R' F R2 U' R' U' R U R' F'
After OLL the top is one colour; PLL finishes.
Checked by the engine: PLL T
A learning path: beginners solve the last layer in four looks with 2-look OLL and 2-look PLL (16 algorithms). Full PLL usually comes next (the biggest time saver per algorithm), then full OLL. Advanced solvers add COLL, ZBLL subsets, or last-slot sets.
F2L
41 cases · Pair a corner with its edge and insert the pair: 41 cases per slot.
EO (2-look)
3 cases · Make a cross on top: three cases (dot, line, L).
OCLL (2-look OLL, step 2)
7 cases · The seven cases with the edges already oriented: the second look of 2-look OLL.
CPLL (2-look)
2 cases · Put the corners in place: an adjacent swap or a diagonal swap.
EPLL (2-look PLL, step 2)
4 cases · Edges only: Ua, Ub, H and Z.
OLL
57 cases · Make the top face one colour in one algorithm: 57 cases.
PLL
21 cases · Move the oriented last-layer pieces home: 21 cases.